Abstract
The statistical characteristics of biometry and refractive error in a large sample of cataractous Cuban patients are presented, comparing between sexes and age groups. All patients were studied at the Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology “Ramón Pando Ferrer,” La Habana. The sample consists of 28252 eyes of 25068 patients, subjected to cataract surgery during the time period between 2006 and 2019. Their biometry was obtained using IOL Master devices; also, visual acuity, refraction, and corneal power were registered. After surgery, the visual acuity and refraction were measured. The refractive prediction error was determined. For patients with both eyes registered, anisometropia was also calculated. Age and sex were used to segment the data. The preoperative biometric parameters show highly significant differences between sexes, with male eyes being longer and with a deeper anterior chamber but with a thinner lens. Also, keratometry shows highly significant differences, with female eyes being steeper than male. Before surgery, both sexes have myopic eyes as average, with males being more myopic than females (p < 0.001). After surgery, the average spherical equivalent is −0.36 D and female eyes are more myopic than males (p < 0.001). Visual acuity with and without distance correction has a significant increase after surgery. These results are of importance not only for Cuba but also for other countries with a large Cuban population and/or similar ethnic composition, such as the USA (particularly the south of Florida), Spain, and many countries in Latin America.
Highlights
Latest advances in surgical techniques and intraocular lens designs have notably improved the postoperative refractive results of modern cataract surgery, increasing patients’ expectations of good visual outcome without the use of spectacles. is outcome depends on the accurate prediction of the power of the implanted intraocular lens (IOL), which in turn depends mainly on preoperative biometry data [1]
Knowing ocular biometric characteristics of a population is an important factor to be considered in designing intraocular lenses and improving IOL calculation methods for selecting the most appropriate lenses for Journal of Ophthalmology patients [5, 6]. e relation of ocular biometry with diabetic retinopathy has been reviewed, highlighting the importance of further biometric studies to elucidate the influence of high myopia and ocular biometry in the protective mechanisms of the eye [7]
Note that the number of eyes used in the analysis of the different magnitudes changes. e reasons for the differences are diverse: (i) e measurement was not registered in the database (ii) IOL Master 3.0.2 and 500 does not measure the lens thickness (iii) e patient became aphakic (iv) Preoperative refraction was not completed for unknown reasons (v) Patients did not attend postoperative refraction appointment ough the number of patients with registered LT is much less than the total number of eyes, this number is large enough to yield sound statistics. e statistical distribution of the involved magnitudes was assessed calculating their momenta and related values: mean, median, standard deviation (σ), skewness, and kurtosis
Summary
Latest advances in surgical techniques and intraocular lens designs have notably improved the postoperative refractive results of modern cataract surgery, increasing patients’ expectations of good visual outcome without the use of spectacles. is outcome depends on the accurate prediction of the power of the implanted intraocular lens (IOL), which in turn depends mainly on preoperative biometry data [1]. Latest advances in surgical techniques and intraocular lens designs have notably improved the postoperative refractive results of modern cataract surgery, increasing patients’ expectations of good visual outcome without the use of spectacles. Optical biometers have become the gold standard for ocular biometry, resulting in eye measurements being more reliable and allowing the evaluation of new parameters [2]. Knowing ocular biometric characteristics of a population is an important factor to be considered in designing intraocular lenses and improving IOL calculation methods for selecting the most appropriate lenses for Journal of Ophthalmology patients [5, 6]. Several studies describing ocular biometric characteristics of different populations have been conducted across the world [6, 7]. The prevalence of myopia in populations of different continents is studied, finding larger number of myopic eyes in Asian populations than in other regions of the world [8]
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