Abstract
Introduction/purpose: Nowadays, user identification systems play a very important role in modern society. Complex security requirements have led experts to explore ways in which biometric data can be used to identify user identities. This paper presents an overview of biometric standards and methods which can be used to identify users in biometric systems, and therefore to protect information and communication systems. Methods: This paper deals with the problem of standardization in the field of biometrics. The first part of the paper presents concrete examples of the most widely used biometric standards. The second part of the paper gives an overview of the most used biometric methods. Results: The obtained results show that the development of biometric systems and biometric sensors contributes to better protection of identity from misuse, because biometric technologies have great potential for improving the security and accuracy of system operation. Biometric systems improve the security of users and also provide much greater precision in establishing identity. Conclusion: The development of biometric standards should focus on their interconnectivity, as well as on increasing connectivity with other IT standards.
Highlights
Personal Identification Numbers (PINs) or various passwords are often used for identification purposes
Biometrics is a tool that can be used to complement or even replace existing user identification systems based on what the user knows or what he or she possesses
Given the significant advances in science and technology, such as basic developments in micro / nanotechnology, wireless communications, information technology and biomedical sciences over the past few years, there has been a transformation in this area of biometric systems, and models have been designed and built in a wide range of biosensors and load-bearing sensors
Summary
Personal Identification Numbers (PINs) or various passwords are often used for identification purposes. There are several biometric technologies that have been used so far: fingerprint- (Lalović et al, 2019), face-, iris-, or vein arm-based (Kumar & Prathyusha, 2009), (Wang & Wang, 2017), electroencephalograms (EEGs), electrocardiograms (ECGs) (Chun, 2016), (Odinaka et al, 2012), and multispectral skin photometrics (MSP) Each of these biological characteristics uses specific biometric sensors. The BioAPI consortium is an example of informal organization for biometric standards It was responsible for development of a common biometric application programming interface. The BioAPI (Biometric Application Programming Interface) standard determines biometric application interfaces, devices and algorithms for distinguishing biometric data and device types This standard introduces basic functions of biometric systems, i.e. Enrollment, Verification and Identification. It introduces an API (Application Program Interface) and an SPI (Service Provider Interface) for programmers and developers. The materials used in biosensors are categorized into three groups based on their mechanisms: a biocatalytic group containing enzymes, a bioaffinity group including antibodies and nucleic acids, and microorganisms containing microorganisms
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