Biomedical applications of single-particle based material: quantum dots

Abstract

Quantum dots are artificial "droplets" of charge that might include a single electron or a group of thousands. Their normal sizes range from nanometres to a few microns, and employing cutting-edge nanofabrication technology, it is possible to precisely regulate their size, shape, and interactions. These special qualities have drawn a lot of interest in the biomedical community recently because they make it possible for real-time tissue imaging (bioimaging), diagnostics, single molecule probes, and medication administration, among many other applications. Due to their high brightness, photo bleach resistance, multiplexing ability, and high surface-to-volume ratio, quantum dots are ideal candidates for intracellular tracking, diagnostics, in vivo imaging, and therapeutic delivery. The optical properties of quantum dots can be tuned by size and composition. In the current paper, we will review properties, preparation, characteristics as well as biomedical applications. In addition, some issues along with future aspects. Furthermore, several commercially accessible alternatives are technically contrasted with QDs. Finally, we suggest technical factors that must be considered to enhance the clinical outcome of QDs.