Abstract
Recent advances in nanotechnology have opened up new avenues for the controlled synthesis of nanoparticles for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Chinese herbal medicine is a natural gift to humanity, and it has long been used as an antibacterial and anticancer agent. This study will highlight recent developments in the phytonanotechnological synthesis of Chinese herbal medicines to utilize their bioactive components in biomedical and therapeutic applications. Biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as a promising alternative to chemical and physical approaches for various biomedical applications. The comprehensive rationale of combinational or synergistic effects of Chinese herb-based AgNPs synthesis was investigated with superior physicochemical and biological properties, and their biomedical applications, including antimicrobial and anticancer activity and wound healing properties. AgNPs can damage the cell ultrastructure by triggering apoptosis, which includes the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA disintegration, protein inactivation, and the regulation of various signaling pathways. However, the anticancer mechanism of Chinese herbal medicine-based AgNPs is more complicated due to the potential toxicity of AgNPs. Further in-depth studies are required to address Chinese herbs’ various bioactive components and AgNPs as a synergistic approach to combat antimicrobial resistance, therapeutic efficiency of drug delivery, and control and prevention of newly emerged diseases.
Highlights
IntroductionPublisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
This study aims to outline the recent development of Chinese herb-based AgNPs as prospective antimicrobial agents and wound-healing agents
Chinese herbal medicine is considered a natural reservoir of active compounds, and many researchers have investigated various phytochemicals, including proteins, amino acids, coumaric acid, aldopentose, calcium oxalate and polysaccharides
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Modern scientific approaches suggested that AgNPs could be used as a potential antimicrobial agent against multi-drug-resistant strains with minimum human toxicity and extensive clinical applications [32,33]. Each plant contains an orchestra of phytochemicals with higher therapeutic values and is free of harmful substances [34,35] These chemically complex phytochemicals can reduce Ag+ to Ag0 , such as peptides, enzymes, carbohydrates, and various organic compounds that serve best for medical applications. It is evident from previous research that AgNPs and Chinese herbs are potential antimicrobial agents and have high prospects for clinical purposes. The combinational or synergistic effects of Chinese herb-synthesized AgNPs will be discussed with unique physicochemical properties and medical uses, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and wound-healing properties. Essential bioactive components for AgNPs synthesis and therapeutic effectiveness will be discussed
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