Abstract
Biomedical alloys are essential parts of modern biomedical applications. However, they cannot satisfy the increasing requirements for large-scale production owing to the degradation of metals. Physical surface modification could be an effective way to enhance their biofunctionality. The main goal of this review is to emphasize the importance of the physical surface modification of biomedical alloys. In this review, we compare the properties of several common biomedical alloys, including stainless steel, Co–Cr, and Ti alloys. Then, we introduce the principle and applications of some popular physical surface modifications, such as thermal spraying, glow discharge plasma, ion implantation, ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification, and physical vapor deposition. The importance of physical surface modifications in improving the biofunctionality of biomedical alloys is revealed. Future studies could focus on the development of novel coating materials and the integration of various approaches.
Highlights
Surface Modifications: ABiomaterials are currently widely used in biological systems for medical purposes [1]such as dental applications, surgery, and pharmaceutical
The inclusion criterion was that an article should contain biomedical alloys and physical surface modifications
The main methods of thermal spray are high velocity oxygen fuel spraying, flame spraying, plasma spraying, and so on. These methods can provide resistance to wear and corrosion which are favorable to biomedical applications [79,80,81,82,83]
Summary
Biomaterials are currently widely used in biological systems for medical purposes [1]. Such as dental applications, surgery, and pharmaceutical. The specifics effects and applications are determined by biomaterial properties [2,3]. These days, the research direction is the targeted design and control of biomaterial properties to achieve specific biological responses. Biomaterial type should be chosen with care for a specific medical application. For drug release, the biomaterials are typically based on novel polymers [4]; for dental implants and bone plates, biomedical alloys are the best choices [5]
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