Abstract
Bio-mediated geotechnics, wherein biogeochemical processes are employed to directly modify the engineering properties of soil, and bio-inspired geotechnics, wherein natural biological systems provide inspiration for the development of novel geotechnical solutions, provide two complimentary opportunities for geotechnical engineering innovation. The field of bio-mediated geotechnics has been developing for more than one decade while the field of bio-inspired geotechnics is just now emerging. Both domains require geotechnical engineers to reconsider the importance and role of biology and biological systems in geotechnical engineering. This chapter provides the context and general principles for these emerging fields followed by specific examples of both fields. The importance of sustainability and how these fields can contribute to sustainable development is discussed. The chapter concludes by briefly addressing some of the steps required for biogeotechnics to become a recognized sub-discipline within the domain of geotechnical engineering.
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