Abstract
Objectives: Biomechanics is the mechanics applied to biology and we hereby review bladder biomechanics in diabetic bladder dysfunction.Methods: The important mechanical properties of bladder tissue include the stress‐strain relationship, viscoelasticity and active contraction. Using biaxial mechanical testing methods, the diabetic bladders exhibited non‐linear stress‐strain mechanical relationships with increasing stiffness at higher stretches in both circumferential and longitudinal directions.Results: The diabetic bladders showed mechanical anisotropy with a greater compliance in the circumferential direction than in the longitudinal direction. The time‐course study suggested that diuresis mainly contributed to the “early” changes of the mechanical properties with “late” changes induced by other diabetic effects.Conclusion: The biomechanical study of the urinary bladder has offered a novel understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetic cystopathy and we believe the collaboration of urology and engineering will contribute greatly to the treatment of diabetic bladder dysfunction in the future.
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