Abstract
Dental implants designed with platform switching have been used clinically to reduce crestal bone resorption. The aim of this study was to determine the biomechanical effects of loading types, diameter of platform, and implant diameter in bone strain around immediately loaded implants with platform switching concept. Platform-switching features of dental implants with various diameters of implant body and implant platform (named as RP5.0, RP4.3, and NP3.5) were inserted into artificial bone blocks. The initial implant stability was confirmed using a Periotest device before the loading test. Rosette strain gauges were placed on the alveolar region around the implants, and peak values of the bone strain during a 190-N vertical load or 30-degree lateral load were measured by a data acquisition system. The Kruskal-Wallis test and post-hoc pairwise comparisons were performed as statistical analyses. The median Periotest values of the RP5.0, RP4.3, and NP3.5 implants ranged from −6.59 to −7.34. The RP5.0 implant always showed the lowest bone strain around the implant, regardless of whether a vertical or lateral load was applied. Relative to the RP4.3 and NP3.5 implants, the RP4.3 implant produced a higher bone strain (by approximately 8%) under a vertical load but a lower bone strain (by approximately 25%) under a lateral load. This study confirmed that using a wider implant could relieve the bone strain around an immediately loaded implant with platform switching concept especially under lateral loading.
Highlights
The dental implant has been a common treatment for missing teeth
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of loading types, diameter of platform, and implant diameter on peri-implant bone strain, especially for an immediately loaded implant with the design concept of platform switching
Because the length of platform switching was obtained by subtracting diameter of abutment from diameter of implant platform, the NP3.5, RP4.3, and RP5.0 implants all had the same degree of platform switching (0.5 mm)
Summary
The dental implant has been a common treatment for missing teeth. The main material of a dental implant is titanium, which displays well-documented mechanical properties and biocompatibility [1]that allows the process of osseointegration between bone and dental implant and provides stability when biting forces are applied. The main material of a dental implant is titanium, which displays well-documented mechanical properties and biocompatibility [1]. Recent clinical studies have reported the success rate of dental implant to be upwards of 95% [2] and both the periodontal [3] and biomechanical causes [1] affect the peri-implant tissue. The esthetics of dental implants is affected by the peri-implant soft tissue and the underlying crestal bone [4,5,6]. Different implant characteristics such as its size, material (titanium vs zirconia), Appl.
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