Biomechanical Comparison of Cannulated Screw Osteosynthesis With Tension-Band Wiring for Proximal Fractures of the Fifth Metatarsal (Jones Fracture)

Abstract

Jones fractures, which lie at the junction of the diaphysis to the metaphysis of the fifth metatarsal, are a well-described clinical issue. There are various surgical approaches, including the commonly performed cannulated screw osteosyntheses, and the less frequently used tension-band approach. The aim is to compare the biomechanical stability of these osteosyntheses. We performed an osteotomy on 16 fresh frozen fifth metatarsal bones from body donors representing a Jones fracture. The fractures were treated pairwise with screw osteosynthesis or tension-band wiring. This was followed by cyclic axial bending until osteosynthesis failure. Stability under axial bending force was higher in the screw osteosynthesis (mean: 70.0 ± 66.5 N) compared to the tension-band wiring (mean: 35.7 ± 23.3 N) group although not reaching statistical significance (p = .116). The study shows no statistically significant difference in biomechanical stability under axial loading between screw osteosynthesis and tension band wiring. Based on the data obtained, no differences can be observed from a biomechanical point of view. The study supports the established method of treating Jones fractures primarily with screw osteosynthesis. In addition, the data suggest that tension band wiring may be a good alternative osteosynthesis, for example, after failed casting treatment or failure of primary osteosynthesis.