Biomechanical Analysis of Locomotion Patterns in Earth, Lunar, and Martian Gravity Environments

Abstract

The primary objectives of this study were to determine the factors that affect stability during locomotion in both lunar and martian gravity environments and to determine the criteria needed to enhance stability and traction. This study tested the effects of three different speeds of locomotion and three different patterns of locomotion under three gravity conditions. The results showed some similarities across gravity levels with regard to changing the speed as well as the pattern of locomotion. Interestingly, the study also showed that as the gravity level decreased, the ratio of horizontal to vertical forces increased significantly. It appears that the tendency to move forward will be more in reduced gravity than compared to earth gravity. Thus, to ensure safe locomotion in reduced gravity, additional traction might be needed. Finally, selection of an appropriate traction material surface should be based on how well the ratio of horizontal to vertical forces is reduced.