Abstract
Background: Overhand pitching is a movement that requires the coordination of lower extremity, trunk, and upper extremity segments to effectively transfer force throughout the kinetic chain to project a baseball. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cardiorespiratory fatigue on throwing ball velocity related to kinematics motion changes in baseball. Methods: The study samples included 12 male baseball athletes (19.3 ± 2.8 years old, height of 1.71.4 ± 3.1 m, and weight of 64.3 ± 3.6 kg). A descriptive quantitative method approach was used. The instruments included two high-resolution handycams (Sony HXR-MC2500, Japan), a high-speed camera (Fastec Imaging TS5-H, USA), a radar speed gun (Bushnell 101922, Germany), a 3D force platform (The AMTI Optima Series 20210, USA), 14 point manual markers, a motion capture system software (Frame DIAZ IV, Japan), and a heart rate sensor (Polar H10, Finland). Results: The results of this study showed that there were significant differences in the ball velocity (p= 0.042), stride length percentage height (p= 0.041), elbow flexion (p= 0.046), maximum shoulder horizontal adduction (p= 0.041), maximum elbow extension angular velocity (p= 0.035), maximum shoulder internal rotation (p= 0.029), and lateral trunk tilt (p= 0.029) when the pitchers were fatigued. Conclusion: Cardiorespiratory fatigue causes changes in the kinetic harmonization of upper and lower body motion, which results in a decrease in the ball velocity. These results are similar to those in previous studies conducted with the intervention of muscle fatigue during overhead baseball throwing, which causes a decrease in the performance and ball velocity.
Highlights
Maintaining the physical condition of a pitcher during a tournament affects the pitching speed performance because the1 m·s−1 increase in the speed has an impact on the reaction time of the batter [1 - 3]
Cardiorespiratory fatigue causes changes in the kinetic harmonization of upper and lower body motion, which results in a decrease in the ball velocity
These results are similar to those in previous studies conducted with the intervention of muscle fatigue during overhead baseball throwing, which causes a decrease in the performance and ball velocity
Summary
Maintaining the physical condition of a pitcher during a tournament affects the pitching speed performance because the1 m·s−1 increase in the speed has an impact on the reaction time of the batter [1 - 3]. The Open Sports Sciences Journal, 2020, Volume 13 67 upper extremity segments to effectively transfer force throughout the kinetic chain to project a baseball. Overhand pitching motion consists of a sequence of body movements starting from lifting the leg, moving the hip and trunk, and finishing with the upper body extremity movement to push the ball toward the home plate [8 - 10]. The pitching motion of a pitcher consists of a continuous sequence, which requires a dynamic power with the precise timing and coordination of body segments to produce maximum accuracy and speed [11]. Overhand pitching is a movement that requires the coordination of lower extremity, trunk, and upper extremity segments to effectively transfer force throughout the kinetic chain to project a baseball
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
