Biomaterials in Bone and Muscle Regeneration

Abstract

Biomaterials have been employed over the years in the regeneration of bones and muscles. The regeneration or repair of skeletal muscle tissue or muscles is necessary when innate muscle or bones cannot initiate their own repair. Complex damage to muscles or bones could result in irreparable cells and loss of related function, hence requiring assistance with regeneration. This chapter introduces biomaterial and the advancement of biomaterials, then it indicates exactly what both bone and muscle regeneration involves and with numerous research findings reported, it dwells on biomaterials in bone regeneration. Then similarly, biomaterials in tissue regeneration are highlighted shedding light on both scaffolds derived from biological or synthetic materials and relevant references made. But, it is important to mention that although synthetic materials used to design scaffolds are tunable, over the years they still are not able to fully and functionally replace biologic scaffolds, but progress is constantly made. Also, although numerable in vitro studies are reported, more confirmatory functional in vivo studies are encouraged.