Biomass-derived carbon dots as a sensitive and selective dual detection platform for fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines.

Abstract

A novel carbon dot (CD) was synthesized through the facile and simple hydrothermal method from Curcuma amada, as the precursor for the first time. These CDs with an average diameter of 4.6nm display blue fluorescence, with excitation/emission maxima at 360/445nm and a quantum yield of 14.1%. It exhibited high stability under different conditions and was characterized using various techniques. These CDs can be employed as a dual-sensing platform to detect tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones, two antibiotic classes. Even though antibiotics are regarded as an inevitable commodity, overuse and improper management of discarded antibiotics pose a severe threat to the environment. Herein, we developed a dual-sensing, biocompatible sensor with high selectivity and sensitivity to detect antibiotics. CD was employed as a fluorescence probe and detected tetracycline and fluoroquinolone antibiotic through inner filter effect-based fluorescence quenching and hydrogen bonding-based enhancement process, respectively. The linear range was 0-16μM and the detection limit was 33nM for tetracycline and 2nM for fluoroquinolone antibiotic. As an electrochemical probe, CD selectively detected tetracycline with a lower detection limit of 0.5nM over a linear range of 0-16μM. Using both methods, a real sample analysis of the developed sensor exhibited accurate reliability and precision.