Abstract
Maize is one of the main cereals produced worldwide and, in association withsoybean crop, can result in benefits to the production system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biomass yield for silage and grain yield in maize crop, in the maizesoybean intercropping system. The study was conducted in the municipality of Dois Vizinhos - PR, Brazil, using a randomized block design, with nine treatments and four replicates. The treatments were composed of three maize hybrids grown in monoculture and in intercropping with two soybean cultivars (P1630+TMG7062, P1630+P95R51, P1630, LG6030+TMG7062, LG6030+P95R51, LG6030, P30F53+TMG7062, P30F53+P95R51 and P30F53). The data were subjected to analysis of variance and, when there was significance, Scott-Knott test was applied. Maize biomass yield for silage was approximately 4,000 kg ha-1 higher when the hybrids LG6030 and/or P30F53 were used. The cultivar TMG7062 stands out from P95R51 in terms of dry biomass yield for silage. The higher the percentage of soybean biomass added to the silage, the higher its crude protein content. However, crude protein yield per area was similar for the evaluated treatments. Some yield components (number of grains per row and thousand-grain weight) and grain yield of maize differ according to the hybrid used, but similarity is observed between intercropping and monoculture. There is evidence that the soybean cultivar TMG7062, intercropped with P1630, has the potential to reduce the grain yield of the cereal.
Highlights
Resumo - O milho é um dos principais cereais produzidos mundialmente e em associação com a cultura da soja, pode resultar em benefícios ao sistema produtivo
Treatments composed of the hybrid P1630 had lower values of maize biomass yield for silage (MYS) and total yield of silage (TYS) than treatments using the materials LG6030 and P30F53
soybean biomass yield for silage (SYS) of 748 and 845 kg ha-1 were found in the treatments LG6030+TMG7602 and P30F53+TMG7062, respectively, followed by LG6030+P95R51 and P30F53+P95R51 with SYS of 453 and 425 kg ha-1
Summary
Resumo - O milho é um dos principais cereais produzidos mundialmente e em associação com a cultura da soja, pode resultar em benefícios ao sistema produtivo. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a produtividade de biomassa para ensilagem e de grãos na cultura do milho, no sistema de cultivo consorciado milho e soja. Os tratamentos foram compostos por três híbridos de milho cultivados em monocultura e em consórcio com duas cultivares de soja (P1630+TMG7062, P1630+P95R51, P1630, LG6030+TMG7062, LG6030+P95R51, LG6030, P30F53+TMG7062, P30F53+P95R51 e P30F53). A produtividade de biomassa para ensilagem da cultura do milho foi de aproximadamente 4.000 Kg ha-1 superior quando utilizado os híbridos LG6030 e/ou P30F53. Existem evidencias que a soja TMG7062, em consórcio com o milho P1630, apresente potencial para reduzir a produtividade de grãos do cereal. According to Kamara et al (2017), the yield of maize cropping systems can be improved by intercropping with soybean. According to the researchers cited, in the intercropped system there is greater exploitation of environmental resources, resulting in yield and economic advantages for the producer, compared to monoculture systems
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