Biomass Stove with Low Carbon Monoxide Emission Fueled by Solid Fuel Coffee-Husk Biopellet

Abstract

In this study, coffee husk was used as the primary material to produce biopellets, with a mixture of tapioca flour and molasses as a binder. The concentration of each binder used was 10, 15, and 20%. The addition of tapioca flour and molasses at different concentrations increased the biopellets density, ash content, and fixed carbon content, and reduced moisture content and volatile matter content. The best formulation was obtained by adding 10% tapioca flour; it had a biopellet density of 610 kg/m3, an ash content of 3.03%, a moisture content of 8.03%, a volatile matter content of 81.79%, a fixed carbon content of 15.18%, a calorific value of 17.55 MJ/kg, a water-boiling time of 10 min, a fuel consumption rate of 0.008 kg/min, and a thermal efficiency of 33.15%. The design results were obtained using the distance from (diameter = 26.5 cm and height = 37 cm) the stove to the outside of the furnaces (this amounts to 8 cm, which can minimize the furnace, causing heat to generate from burning). The speed of the blowers can be adjusted by users using a dimmer. The results obtained from the stove’s performance showed the average thermal efficiency of the furnace, which with an average of 3.25 ppm.