Abstract
Ecological theory has uncovered dynamical differences between food web modules (i.e. low species food web configurations) with only species-level links and food web modules that include within-species links (e.g. non-feeding links between mature and immature individuals) and has argued that these differences ought to cause food web theory that includes within-species links to contrast with classical food web theory. It is unclear, however, if life-history will affect the observed connection between interaction strength and stability in species-level theory. We show that when the predator in a species-level food chain is split into juvenile and adult stages using a simple nested approach, stage-structure can mute potentially strong interactions through the transfer of biomass within a species. Within-species biomass transfer distributes energy away from strong interactions promoting increased system stability consistent with classical food web theory.
Highlights
Ecosystem stability, the ability of an ecosystem to persist through time and resist perturbations, depends on the biological structure inherent in these ecosystems [1,2,3,4]
In general we found that intermediate levels of life-history intraguild predation (LHIGP) were stabilizing (Fig 3) regardless of the initial sources of instability (Cases 1–4)
While initial sources of instability (Cases 1–4) did not have a large effect on the dynamics of the real part of the dominant eigenvalue in the LHIGP module, there were implications regarding where the maximum stability of the LHIGP module occurred in relation to the distribution of biomass (Fig 3)
Summary
The ability of an ecosystem to persist through time and resist perturbations, depends on the biological structure inherent in these ecosystems [1,2,3,4]. Stage-structure may act to redistribute energy (via ontogeny) away from a strong consumer-resource interaction and so stabilize the food web in a fundamentally similar way.
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