Abstract
Potential depletion of fossil fuel and climate change have globally accelerated the demand in renewable and alternative energy. Most of the Southeast Asian countries have an abundance of biomass sources for the energy sector due to their agriculture-based economy and enormous forest resources. Therefore, the study aimed at highlighting an overview of biomass energy in the Southeast Asia countries to convey the environmental and economic benefits from the available biomass sources in the region. In order to achieve the aim, the study synthesized and evaluated the biomass sources, energy potential, utilization, and management in the region, based on the published research papers, review papers, and country reports. It was found that the major biomass sources in this region were fuelwood, wood residues, rice husk, rice straw, sugarcane residues, oil palm residues, and coconut residues. The total annual quantity of the biomass potential from agriculture and forest sector in the region was estimated at more than 500 million tons per year and equal to over 8000 million gigajoules of total energy potential. In order to implement the sustainable utilization of biomass sources, the study specified the barriers and challenges of biomass utilization in these countries and proposed a sustainable approach of biomass energy, by comparing the way of traditional biomass utilization.
Highlights
Booming economies have greatly accelerated energy consumption in the Southeast Asian countries.The energy consumption is projected to grow 2.6 times during 2005–2030 [1] and the energy demand will probably rise by almost two-thirds in 2040, representing one-tenth of the rise in global demand [2].the energy-related environmental pollutions caused vastly by greenhouse gas emissions from the energy sector will rise regionally and globally, as well
Energy supplyenergy seemssupply to increase significantly, especially in the countries that completely phase out the potential share of biomass energy in total primary energy supply is likely to reach over 50% of traditional uses of bioenergy, such as Cambodia, Lao PDR, Indonesia, and Myanmar [9]
Methodology to biomass sources, energy potential, and utilization in some countries including Myanmar, Cambodia, Since most Southeast Asian countries are developing countries, the country-specific data related and Lao PDR have not been sufficiently accessible during recent years
Summary
Booming economies have greatly accelerated energy consumption in the Southeast Asian countries. The potential share of renewable energy in total primary energy supply in the Southeast Asian countries [9]. The potential share of renewable energy in total primary energy and supply in the Southeast energy supply seems to increase significantly, especially in the countries that completely phase out the potential share of biomass energy in total primary energy supply is likely to reach over. Energy supplyenergy seemssupply to increase significantly, especially in the countries that completely phase out the potential share of biomass energy in total primary energy supply is likely to reach over 50% of traditional uses of bioenergy, such as Cambodia, Lao PDR, Indonesia, and Myanmar [9].
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