Abstract
Biomass has emerged as one of the most promising renewable energy sources that can replace fossil fuels. Many researchers have carried out intensive research work on biomass gasification to evaluate its performance and feasibility to produce high-quality syngas. However, the process remains the problem of tar formation and low efficiency. Recently, novel approaches were developed for biomass utilization. Chemical looping gasification is considered a suitable pathway to produce valuable products from biomass among biomass conversion processes. This review paper provides a significant body of knowledge on the recent developments of the biomass-based chemical looping gasification process. The effects of process parameters have been discussed to provide important insights into the development of novel technology based on chemical looping. The state-of-the-art experimental and simulation/modeling studies and their fundamental assumptions are described in detail. In conclusion, the review paper highlights current research trends, identifying research gaps and opportunities for future applications of biomass-based chemical looping gasification process. The study aims to assist in understanding biomass-based chemical looping gasification and its development through recent research.
Highlights
IntroductionThe combustion of fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, and natural gas) contributes the largest share of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and currently, the mitigation of these emissions is one of the most challenging global issues
The combustion of fossil fuels contributes the largest share of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and currently, the mitigation of these emissions is one of the most challenging global issues
Carbon conversion efficiency increased by approximately 23%, but H2 and CO contents reduced by 7% and 10%, respectively, when the Oxygen Carrier-to-Biomass Ratio (OBR)
Summary
The combustion of fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, and natural gas) contributes the largest share of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and currently, the mitigation of these emissions is one of the most challenging global issues. Coal is the slowest-growing energy source with 0.6% annual growth, it still accounts for a large proportion of world energy consumption. This is due to the fact that coal is abundant and less expensive than natural gas or oil. Germany has set a key goal to achieve at least a 40% cut in GHG emissions by 2020 and 80–95% by 2050 compared to its 1990 levels [3]. To reach this target, the increased use of renewable energy will play a key role.
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