Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyze the growth of wild species of tomato, of the cultivar Redenção and of the respective F1 hybrids of interspecific crossings. We evaluated six wild-type accessions (Solanum pimpinellifolium ‘AF 26970’, S. galapagense ‘LA-1401’, S. peruvianum ‘AF 19684’, S. habrochaites var. hirsutum ‘PI-127826’, S. habrochaites var. glabratum ‘PI-134417’, and S. pennellii ‘LA-716’) and the commercial cultivar Redenção (S. lycopersicum) together with their respective interspecific hybrids. In completely randomized blocks and plots subdivided by time (16, 28, 42, 56, 70, and 84 days after transplanting), we evaluated leaf area (LA), total dry matter (TDM), absolute growth rate (AGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR). The distribution of assimilates in the different organs followed different patterns according to genotype. There was a greater accumulation of LA and TDM in the accessions ‘PI-127826’ and ‘PI-134417’ and in the hybrids ‘Redenção’ x ‘PI-127826’ and ‘Redenção’ x ‘PI-134417’. Due to a heterotrophic effect provided by the crossings, there were higher LA, TDM, AGR, RGR and NAR in hybrids than in parent plants. The accessions ‘PI-127826’ and ‘PI-134417’ presented a potential to be donor parents for obtaining tomatoes with a greater capacity of net assimilation and biomass accumulation.
Highlights
In addition to the domesticated and cultivated species Solanum lycopersicum L. and the cerasiform variety, presents several wild species with which there is some interspecific compatibility between crosses (Peralta, Spooner, & Knapp, 2008; Bedinger et al, 2011)
We evaluated six wild accessions (Solanum pimpinellifolium accession ‘AF 26970’, Solanum galapagense accession ‘leaf area (LA)-1401’, Solanum peruvianum accession ‘AF 19684’, Solanum habrochaites var. hirsutum accession ‘PI-127826’, Solanum habrochaites var. glabratum accession ‘PI-134417’ and Solanum pennellii accession ‘LA-716’) and the commercial cultivar Redenção, along with their interspecific hybrids (‘Redenção’ x ‘AF 26970’), (‘Redenção’ x ‘LA-1401’), (‘Redenção’ x ‘AA-1961’), (‘Redenção’ x ‘PI-127826’), (‘Redenção’ x ‘PI134417’), and (‘Redenção’ x ‘LA-716’)
The hybrid ‘Redenção’ x ‘PI134417’ stood out because it presented the highest values for LA at all collection times
Summary
The main consequence of the S. lycopersicum domestication process is genetic erosion, that is, the loss of important characteristics that provide tolerance or resistance, which began to distinguish improved plants from their wild ancestors (Bai & Lindhout, 2007; Veasey et al, 2011). By natural selection, populations of wild species have undergone a selection pressure to guarantee their reproduction and survival under the conditions of their origin. They developed mechanisms against the most adverse variations in the natural environment, such as adaptations to certain edaphoclimatic conditions and resistance to pests and diseases
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