Biomass and phycobiliprotein production of Galdieria sulphuraria, immobilized on a twin-layer porous substrate photobioreactor.

Abstract

The extremophile red alga Galdieria sulphuraria was successfully grown immobilized in a twin-layer porous substrate bioreactor (TL-PSBR). A maximal biomass growth rate of 10g dry weight m-2day-1 was measured at a photon fluence rate of 200μmol photons m-2s-1 with addition of 1% CO2 and a temperature of 34°C. Under these conditions, a maximal biomass value of 232gm-2 was attained after 33days of growth. Phycobilin productivity, however, was highest at a lower photon fluence rate of 100μmol photons m-2s-1 and reached a phycobilin value of 14gm-2, a phycobilin content in the biomass of 63mgg-1 and a phycobilin growth rate of 0.28gm-2day-1 for phycocyanin and 0.23gm-2day-1 for allophycocyanin. Addition of CO2 was essential to enhance growth and phycobilin production in G. sulphuraria and further optimization of the cultivation process in the TL-PSBR appears possible using a multi-phase approach, higher growth temperatures and optimization of nutrient supply. It is concluded that autotrophic cultivation of G. sulphuraria in a TL-PSBR is an attractive alternative to suspension cultivation for phycobilin production and applications in bioremediation.