Biomarkers of oxidative stress in acute blood loss and its correction with magnetite nanoparticles in a sodium chloride matrix

Abstract

Among effects of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs), interest is in their ability to induce oxidative stress. The influence of magnetite NPs on the redox balance in living organisms is not unambiguous, especially against a background of experimental pathology. The purpose of this work is to study some biomarkers of oxidative stress in erythrocytes after acute blood loss with the administration of magnetite NPs in a sodium chloride (NaCl) matrix. Magnetite NPs were obtained by electron beam technology in a vacuum, characterized by standard nanoscience methods, and studied for their effect on the generation of reactive oxygen species. An NPs solution (6.75 mg Fe/kg) was administered to albino rats with acute blood loss. Biomarkers of oxidative stress in erythrocytes were determined 3, 24, 72 h and 5 days after blood loss. It was shown that the NPs condensate contained particles with an average size of 17–24 nm (TEM-SEM) and a phase composition of Fe3O4@NaCl. NPs with an average diameter of 23 nm (DLS) were present in the solution. Their ability to generate free radicals was lower than that of uncoated NPs. Acute blood loss was accompanied by the development of oxidative stress, characterized by an increase in the content of lipoperoxidation products, a decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase and an increase in the activity of erythrocyte catalase. The Fe3O4@NaCl solution helped to reduce the manifestation of oxidative stress and accelerated restoration of the antioxidant enzymes normal activity. This indicates the promising prospects of Fe3O4@NaCl NPs in the treatment of post-hemorrhagic syndrome and requires further research.