Abstract
Chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is an often severe and debilitating complication of multiple chemotherapeutic agents that can affect patients of all ages, across cancer diagnoses. CIPN can persist post-therapy, and significantly impact the health and quality of life of cancer survivors. Identifying patients at risk for CIPN is challenging due to the lack of standardized objective measures to assess for CIPN. Furthermore, there are no approved preventative treatments for CIPN, and therapeutic options for CIPN remain limited once it develops. Biomarkers of CIPN have been studied but are not widely used in clinical practice. They can serve as an important clinical tool to identify individuals at risk for CIPN and to better understand the pathogenesis and avenues for treatment of CIPN. Here we review promising biomarkers of CIPN in humans and their clinical implications.
Highlights
Chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common and debilitating toxicity of cancer therapy
We described promising biomarkers of CIPN in humans, including serum proteins, genetic polymorphisms, and drug metabolites
There are several limitations to the current studies and areas for future direction. Serum protein biomarkers such as Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL), Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), osteopontin, and inflammatory markers have all been associated with CIPN, and may be translatable tools for detection and risk profiling in clinical practice [13, 18, 19, 24, 28, 91]
Summary
Chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common and debilitating toxicity of cancer therapy. In 23 cancer patients receiving taxanes or platinums NGF levels decreased after four to six cycles of chemotherapy, and decline was associated with severity of CIPN by nerve conduction studies [23]. In a study of 50 breast cancer patients treated with taxanes evaluated by the TNS-r lower baseline levels of osteopontin were associated with developing moderate or severe CIPN, and baseline osteopontin levels were inversely associated with the magnitude of change in nerve conduction over time [30].
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