Biomarkers of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury: a narrative review

Abstract

Cardiac surgery-related acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a common and serious complication after cardiac surgery in adults. Currently, there is no specific examination method, and the diagnosis relying on serum creatinine and urine volume changes is of hysteresis. Biomarkers with the potential to predict CSA-AKI have become the focus in recent years. Clinical studies have shown that neutrophil gelatinase related lipid transporters and cell cycle inhibitors are of high diagnostic value; liver fatty acid binding protein can be used to assist in the diagnosis of CSA-AKI; microRNAs help to assess the poor prognosis of patients; the combined application of biomarkers may be used to predict the occurrence of CSA-AKI. CSA-AKI biomarkers provide the possibility for early clinical diagnosis and timely intervention, and are expected to become a new breakthrough in the diagnosis and treatment of CSA-AKI.