BIOMARKERS OF ACUTE POST-CONTRAST KIDNEY INJURY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS

Abstract

The high prevalence of coronary heart disease requires an increase in interventional interventions using X-ray contrast agents. One of the possible consequences is the development of acute kidney injury (AKI). Previously, the formation of AKI after the procedure with the introduction of contrast was always regarded as contrast-induced. Given the complexity of the pathogenesis of AKI, it is currently recommended to use a more comprehensive term "post-contrast AKI" (). The manifestations of PCAKI include an absolute (greater than or equal to 0.3 or more or equal to 0.5 mg / dL) or relative (greater than or equal to 25 %) increases in serum creatinine (sCr) compared with baseline values, occurring 48–72 hours after intravascular administration of RKV. PC-AKI is a common complication following intravascular administration of iodine-containing contrast media and is associated with prolonged hospital stay and poor long-term prognosis, including unwanted cardiovascular events, and complete loss of renal function. PC-AKI occurs in 5-20% of hospitalized patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions. Unfortunately, there are currently no analogues of iodine-containing RKV, and therefore the question of finding optimal PC-AKI biomarkers for the purpose of early diagnosis and prevention of this formidable complication remains relevant. The diagnosis of PC-AKI is based on an increase in serum creatinine, which is a late biomarker of kidney damage. New and earlier serum and urinary biomarkers for the diagnosis of kidney damage have now been identified that can be detected before serum creatinine levels rise. This article provides information on the most relevant and modern biomarkers of PC-AKI.