Biomarkers in retinal detachment surgery. How can we improve visual outcomes

Abstract

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is associated with separation of the neurosensory retina from the RPE, leading to visual field defect and potential reduction of central vision. Despite significant improvement in primary and final reattachment rate exceeding 90% and 98% respectively, functional outcomes are still difficult to predict and vary widely. In cases with macular involvement several factors have been implicated in the final visual recovery. These biomarkers are either related to individual risk factors (e.g., duration of symptoms, age, high myopia, and concomitant retinal disease),or to peri and postoperative factors (time to surgery, type of surgery, day of the week, experience of surgeon, positioning before and after surgery, and follow‐up management). With the availability of high‐resolution imaging modalities additional biomarkers have emerged, facilitating further more accurate prediction of visual outcome. Incorporating retinal detachment biomarkers into the daily clinical practice is essential to provide more effective patient counselling and potentially modify the visual rehabilitation process.