Abstract
With an increase in aging populations worldwide, age-related diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have become a global concern. At present, a cure for neurodegenerative disease is lacking. There is an urgent need for a biomarker that can facilitate the diagnosis, classification, prognosis, and treatment response of AD. The recent emergence of highly sensitive mass-spectrometry platforms and high-throughput technology can be employed to discover and catalog vast datasets of small metabolites, which respond to changed status in the body. Metabolomics analysis provides hope for a better understanding of AD as well as the subsequent identification and analysis of metabolites. Here, we review the state-of-the-art emerging candidate biomarkers for AD.
Highlights
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder
500 ml of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is absorbed into blood each day, and the small-sized metabolites present in the brain can be detected in plasma or serum (Zipser et al, 2007; Voyle et al, 2016)
Recent studies have indicated that disruption of the metabolism of cholesterol and lipids in the brain is closely related to the generation, deposition, and clearance of Aβ and, leads to neuronal dysfunction (Wellington, 2004; Han, 2010; Song et al, 2012; Wong et al, 2017)
Summary
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. It is the most common form of dementia (comprises about 60–80% of cases) (Figure 1). According to the Alzheimer’s Association, deaths from other major diseases (e.g., heart disease, cancer, stroke, and infection by the human immunodeficiency virus) have declined significantly or remained approximately identical in the past decade, the number of deaths caused by AD increased by 146% between 2000 and 2018 (Figure 2). This increased prevalence of mortality from AD is due, in large part, to AD becoming a common cause of death among the aging population as well as greater accuracy in diagnosing clinical dementia and recording the cause of demise (Stamate et al, 2019).
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
