Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) remains the only curative therapy for many hematological malignant and non-malignant disorders. However, key obstacles to the success of HCT include graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and disease relapse due to absence of graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effect. Over the last decade, advances in “omics” technologies and systems biology analysis, have allowed for the discovery and validation of blood biomarkers that can be used as diagnostic test and prognostic test (that risk-stratify patients before disease occurrence) for acute and chronic GVHD and recently GVT. There are also predictive biomarkers that categorize patients based on their likely to respond to therapy. Newer mathematical analysis such as machine learning is able to identify different predictors of GVHD using clinical characteristics pre-transplant and possibly in the future combined with other biomarkers. Biomarkers are not only useful to identify patients with higher risk of disease progression, but also help guide treatment decisions and/or provide a basis for specific therapeutic interventions. This review summarizes biomarkers definition, omics technologies, acute, chronic GVHD and GVT biomarkers currently used in clinic or with potential as targets for existing or new drugs focusing on novel published work.
Highlights
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation remains the most widely used immunotherapy for the treatment of many hematologic disorders
While hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) with HLA-matched unrelated donor, HCT with HLAmismatch related donor, older recipient and donor age, the use of female donor for male recipients are all risks factors associated with the development of chronic GVHD (cGVHD), high grade acute GVHD (aGVHD) is associated with an increased risk of cGVHD development in patients [6]
This study evaluated the difference in day 28 complete response (CR) and partial response (PR) to sirolimus as compared to prednisone as an initial treatment for patients with Minnesota standard-risk and low-risk biomarker-confirmed aGVHD
Summary
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) remains the most widely used immunotherapy for the treatment of many hematologic disorders. Several novel specific and sensitive blood based-biomarkers were identified and validated in large patient’s cohort to aid in the diagnosis, prognosis, risk prediction, and response to therapy of patients post-HCT. This review will summarize these novel drug-targetable aGVHD, cGVHD and GVT biomarkers post-HCT identified using a large number of patients (cutoff of at 50 patients per cohort), a validation cohort, and validated at the protein level with the potential for rapid translation into the clinic.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
