Abstract
Release of urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR, CD87), shedded from leukocytes into serum as soluble uPAR (suPAR) is a novel clinical biomarker for immune activation and prognosis in many acute and chronic inflammatory disorders like sepsis or chronic kidney disease. We herein review the current literature on suPAR in patients with liver diseases. Serum suPAR levels are upregulated and indicate disease severity in acute liver failure, chronic hepatitis, and different stages of liver cirrhosis. In prospective studies, high suPAR serum concentration predicted decompensation, organ failure, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and mortality in patients with advanced chronic liver diseases. However, suPAR is not suitable as a diagnostic tool in liver diseases, as it reflects systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction in various acute or chronic illnesses. Measuring circulating suPAR can provide substantial additional prognostic information and should therefore be considered as an interesting biomarker in liver disease patients.
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