Biomarkers and Inflammatory Pathways in Diabetes Mellitus Progression

Abstract

With the rapidly increasing prevalence of diabetes in the global population, an early diagnosis of both type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus is critical to preventing long-term complications. Two potential components of unlocking a consistent early diagnosis of diabetes are understanding biological inflammatory pathways and identifying more sensitive biomarkers of diabetes. Novel biomarkers, such as interleukin, assist in monitoring the destruction of pancreatic beta cells, while inflammatory pathways can help explain the underpinnings of the insulin resistance found in both types of diabetes. In addition, research into 5-methoxytryptamine and 20-Hydroxy-leukotriene B4 would prove useful as a result of their heightened levels in patients with normal glucose levels.