Abstract
During the last years, proteomics has facilitated biomarker discovery by coupling high-throughput techniques with novel nanosensors. In the present review, we focus on the study of label-based and label-free detection systems, as well as nanotechnology approaches, indicating their advantages and applications in biomarker discovery. In addition, several disease biomarkers are shown in order to display the clinical importance of the improvement of sensitivity and selectivity by using nanoproteomics approaches as novel sensors.
Highlights
Over the last decade, new-generation high-throughput (HT) methods have emerged and expanded in the field of proteomics, including next-generation sequencing and mass spectrometry technologies, Sensors 2012, 12 which have enabled the study of increasing amounts of proteins with less sample requirements.Overall, this has translated into the possibility of performing multi-level studies of human diseases from the perspectives of genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics [1].Proteomics research in human pathology has focused on the development of clinical applications for accurate diagnosis, early detection and prognostic assessment of human disease due to its potential utility in the identification of candidate biomarkers associated to disease status
We briefly describe the applications of nanoproteomics for biomarker discovery in various diseases focusing on neoplastic processes and on auto-immune, metabolic and infectious diseases
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Summary
New-generation high-throughput (HT) methods have emerged and expanded in the field of proteomics, including next-generation sequencing and mass spectrometry technologies, Sensors 2012, 12 which have enabled the study of increasing amounts of proteins with less sample requirements. Overall, this has translated into the possibility of performing multi-level studies of human diseases from the perspectives of genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics [1]. We briefly describe the applications of nanoproteomics for biomarker discovery in various diseases focusing on neoplastic processes and on auto-immune, metabolic and infectious diseases
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