Biološke invazije - na primeru korovskih biljaka

Abstract

In the past two decades, ecologists have focused mainly on two basic aspects of biological invasions: firstly, the particular characteristics of species that determine their invasiveness, and secondly, on the properties of communities that determine their resistance to invasion. Depending on the period when it was unaccidental or accidental introduction of alien plant species, they are divided into four categories: archaeophytes, paleophytes, neophytes and neotophytes. In relation to the status after the introduction and the level of sustainability, alien plant species are grouped into: ephemeral, naturalized and invasive. In relation to the total invasive alien weed flora of the Republic of Serbia attribute most aggressive, in terms of crop production, can be assigned to species: Abutilon theophrasti Medic., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Ambrosia atremisiifolia L., Cuscuta campestris Yunk., Erigeron canadensis L., Galinsoga parviflora Cav., Iva xanthifolia Nutt., Polygonum aviculare L., Portulaca oleraceae L., Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers., Stenactis annua (L.) Ness. and Xanthium strumarium L. On the other hand, in the category of invasive alien weed species, which for now does not occur in a high abundance in the crop field, but that can be expected in the near future in the crop field if we do not take control measures, that’s are: Amaranthus deflexus L., Asclepias syriaca L., Ambrosia trifida L., Eleusine indica L., Solidago canadensis L., Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad., Iva xanthifolia Nutt., Fallopia japonica Houtt., Xanthium spinosum L., etc.