Biology and Morphometrics of Pulse Beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) on Chickpea

K Sathish,A Vishal,B P Katlam,D K Rana,J Jaba,S P Mishra

doi:10.9734/irjpac/2020/v21i2330314

Abstract

The biology and morphometrics of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis were studied on chickpea cultivar ICCV 2 under laboratory conditions at ICRISAT, Patancheru, Telangana, India during 2018-19 and 2019-2020. The experiments were carried out in the BOD incubator at temperature of 28 ± 2ºC and relative humidity of 65 to 70%. The life cycle of C. chinensis included four stages egg, grub, pupae and adult. The data revealed that eggs incubation period in 4-5 days, the grub stage consisted of four instars and its development ranged from 20-25 days, pupation lasted for 6-7 days, whereas, female adult longevity ranged from 9-12 days. The morphometric measurements revealed that the average length and breadth of eggs were 0.62 ± 0.03mm and 0.34 ± 0.02 mm respectively. The length and breadth (mm) of four grub instars G1, G2, G3 and G4 were 0.58 ± 0.02 and 0.30 ± 0.01, 1.53 ± 0.06 and 0.92 ± 0.04, 2.71 ± 0.10 and 1.47 ± 0.06, 3.59 ± 0.14 and 1.96 ± 0.08 respectively. The average length and breadth of pupa were 3.72 ± 0.12 mm, 2.15 ± 0.09 mm. Whereas, the length and breadth (mm) of adult male and female bruchids were 3.87 ± 0.08, 2.07 ± 0.05 and 4.23 ± 0.14, 2.31 ± 0.07 respectively. The total life cycle of C. chinensis ranged from 33-42 days.

Highlights

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most important leguminous crops and is extensively cultivated in dry and rain fed areas of the world
The biology and morphometrics of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis were studied on chickpea cultivar ICCV 2 under laboratory conditions at ICRISAT, Patancheru, Telangana, India during 2018-19 and 2019-2020
The data revealed that eggs incubation period in 4-5 days, the grub stage consisted of four instars and its development ranged from 20-25 days, pupation lasted for 6-7 days, whereas, female adult longevity ranged from 9-12 days

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most important leguminous crops and is extensively cultivated in dry and rain fed areas of the world. The pulse beetle, C. chinensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is one of the three main species that causes significant damage to the stored legumes causing up to 55.7 per cent of damage in severe infestation [6]. It infests the cultivated host plant and stored chickpea and a few other legumes [7]. Feeding of larvae on the cotyledons leads to significant loss in seed weight and viability. It reduces the biochemical characters for seed quality affecting seed storability. This study can be used for developing integrated pest management of pulse beetle C. chinensis

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION