Abstract
Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is an invasive pest of horticultural and agricultural crops worldwide, with recent range expansion in the Americas and the Caribbean. Current populations of M. hirsutus in the southern United States are likely to spread to additional states primarily through transportation of ornamental plant materials. The rapid proliferation of this pest and its ability to severely impact many horticultural crops, particularly ornamental plants such as hibiscus, necessitate correct diagnosis and response to infestations. This article summarizes the current state of knowledge on M. hirsutus biology, ecology, and management. We discuss seasonal phenology, host range, damage characteristics, ecology, and monitoring strategies on ornamental plants. Insecticides remain the main management tools against M. hirsutus in ornamental plant nurseries. Biological control is the preferred management strategy in reducing infestation in urban landscapes. We note that inappropriate use of insecticides in landscapes may exacerbate problems with this pest, and that preferred responses should include assessment of biological control potential and economic or aesthetic thresholds of affected host plants. Information presented in this profile will help develop integrated management program for current and future invasions.
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