Biologization of greenhouse tomato growing technology in conditions of Western Siberia

Abstract

In 2020–2021, it was studied the growth-stimulating and fungicidal effect of a biological preparation on tomato in conditions of protected ground of Western Siberia. As a result, it was found that the biological product AFG (NPO AGRO-FIT LLC) based on bacteria of the genus Bacillus has a fungicidal effect on tomato alternariosis, and also contributes to an increase in fruit weight by 1.7 times. Analysis of the quality of commercial products and, particularly, the content of sugars, total acidity, vitamin C and dry matter in the tomato fruits of protected ground showed that the application of a biological product affects their accumulation. In tomatoes treated with AFG, it occurs a more intensive accumulation of ascorbic acid, which may indicate an increase in plant immunity, in particular, against bacterial and fungal infections. By following the seeding rate of 3 kg / 1 ha, the cost of a biological product applied for seed material processing was 2.07 rubles / 1 ha, which, in comparison with the yield results and the assessment of other indicators, shows a high economic efficiency of the biological product compared to mineral fertilizers and similar preparations. When using the biological preparation AFG, the yield of tomato variety Devchata increased by 21.65-21.67 % compared to the control. Consequently, cash proceeds increase: in the summer-autumn turnover, with an average tomato price of 80 rubles / kg, it will amount to 4,880,000 rubles from 1 ha, and in winter turnover (170 rubles / kg) - 10,710,000 rubles. The profitability of production will remain at the level of 25-32 %, which indicates the high economic efficiency of the proposed technology for greenhouse tomato growing.