Abstract
Relatively stable differences in the intensity of responses treated as a dimension, with suppressed reactions at one pole and reinforced reactions at the other, are discussed. They have been referred to as differences in the so-called Stimulation Processing Coefficient (SPC). Taking sensitivity thresholds, human behaviour, and evoked potentials (EP) as examples of the intensity of responses, it has been shown that such biologically determined dimensions of personality as: Strength of the Nervous System (Pavlov), Extraversion-Introversion (Eysenck), Stimulus Intensity Modulation (Petrie). Sensation Seeking (Zuckerman) and Reactivity (Strelau) have several features in common. All of them have strong biological backgrounds; the physiological mechanisms to be hypothesized as basic determinants of these dimensions are, however, different, depending on the specificity of the concepts discussed. In contradistinction to personality, which is treated by most psychologists as a result of interaction with the social environment, it is proposed to define the discussed dimensions as temperament, to be understood as a product of biological evolution, shaped under the influence of the surroundings.
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