Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses biologically active substances in royal jelly. The composition of royal jelly must be compared with that of worker jelly to determine whether there are qualitative and quantitative differences in these foods. Such analyses would serve as a basis for the development of partial or complete synthetic larval foods. Worker jelly is higher in protein but lower in sugar than royal jelly. The values for royal jelly are practically unchanged in the 72–96 hour age group, while the sugar content of worker jelly is substantially higher, and the protein portion is lower, obviously because of the addition of honey. An interesting structural similarity of the royal jelly acid is found in the case of the so-called queen substance, a pheromone secreted by the queen, which inhibits queen cell construction. The remarkable specific biological activity limited to biopterin, and its increased concentration in royal jelly, seems to indicate that this pterin is of importance in the development of honey bee larvae. Ion-exchange chromatography on Dowex 1-X8, with the additional purification of the resulting fractions on cellulose exchangers, permits the isolation of even small traces of pterin from biological material.
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