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Abstract
Bioassay guided fractionation of the ethanolic extract of Koelreuteria paniculata (Sapindaceae), cultivated in Egypt resulted in the isolation of ten compounds. Their structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and HRESIMS to be 5-methoxy luteolin, kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside, loliolide, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, methyl myo-inositol, β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside, ethyl gallate, methyl gallate and gallic acid. 5-methoxy luteolin, kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside and loliolide were isolated for the first time from family Sapindaceae. All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their antimalarial, antileishmanial, antifungal and antimicrobial activities. Ethyl gallate showed mild antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli with an IC50 value of 20 µg/mL. Ethyl and methyl gallate showed antimalarial activity against chloroquine-sensitive (D6) Plasmodium falciparum protozoan with the same value of an IC50 of 1.28 µg/mL, and against chloroquine-resistant (W2) Plasmodium falciparum protozoan with an IC50 value of 0.77 and 1.85 µg/mL respectively.
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