Abstract
From the fruits and leaves of Aglaia erythrosperma (Meliaceae), 10 chemical constituents were isolated and identified, i.e. the dammarane triterpenoids cabraleadiol (1), cabraleahydroxylactone (2), ethyl eichlerianoate (3), eichlerialactone (4), aglinin A (5), cabralealactone (6), the aglaialactone 5,6-desmethylenedioxy-5-methoxy-aglalactone (7), the flavagline 4′-demethoxy-3′,4′-methylenedioxy-methyl rocaglate (8) and two coumarins: scoparone and scopoletin. Flavagline 8 exhibited antimalarial activity with an IC50 value of 7.30 µg mL−1 and was strongly cytotoxic against small cell lung cancer (NCI-H187), epidermoid carcinoma (KB) and breast cancer (BC) cell lines, with IC50 values of 2.17, 2.10 and 0.11 µg mL−1, respectively. Aglinin A (5) displayed moderate cytotoxicity against all the three cancer cell lines, whereas ethyl eichlerianoate (3), cabralealactone (6) and the aglaialactone 7 were exclusively cytotoxic to NCI-H187 cell line. Cabraleahydroxylactone (2) showed antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-1 with an IC50 value of 3.20 µg mL−1, in comparison with the standard acyclovir (IC50 = 1.90 µg mL−1). When tested for antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra, compounds 1–4 and 6–8 displayed minimum inhibitory concentration in the range of 25–50 µg mL−1.
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