Biological values and conservation prospects for the forests and primate populations of the Uzungwa mountains, Tanzania

Abstract

Recent investigations in the Uzungwa Mountains of Tanzania reveal a continuous forest sequence from 300m altitude to 2600 m (unique in tropical Africa) together with unexpected richness and endemism in plant and animal species. Brief descriptions of climate and physical features are given and field surveys of all major forest areas in the Uzungwas are summarised. Vegetation structure and species composition at different altitudes are described in detail for each of three forests of particular biological interest and conservation importance. Population densities for four forest primate species are estimated from repeated censuses. Special emphasis is given to the endemic primate subspecies of the red colobus Colobus badius gordonorum, which is used as an indicator of forest values. Conservation status of habitat and of primate populations in each area is discussed and specific recommendations are made for future conservation and management. Some of these recommendations have already been implemented by the Tanzanian government.