Biological Uses and Importance of Iron Regulation

Ammarah Hasnain,Shazia Kanwal

doi:10.54393/mjz.v1i1.12

Abstract

Iron is an exceedingly important nutrient of the human body that has the ability to proceed the formation of free radicals and helps in the process of redox cycling with many different roles in metastasis and in microenvironment. It is required for many complex biological processes occurring in cells and inevitable for its viability and human survival. Such processes include oxygen transportation within body, cell proliferation and growth. It produces free radicals and has redox cycling capacity which may be responsible for tumorigenesis as well. Iron metabolic pathways are new therapeutic strategies for improving cancer prognosis and treatment as reprogramming of iron metabolism is a key aspect for tumor cells growth and survival.

Highlights

Iron is mostly present in the erythrocytes in the form of hemoglobin which is iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein composed of four units, each containing one heme group and one protein chain [1] and is fundamental unit for overall uprightness & health of diges ve tract epithelia and its contribu on to normal func ons of enzymes [2] including signal transduc on and cell regula on [3]
The factors that may contribute to any altera on in metabolism of iron in cancer are signaling through hypoxia induced-factor (HIF) and WNT pathways [6]
Haemoglobin is a protein in RBCs that transports oxygen in the blood and for muscles, myoglobin protein serves this purpose It is an iron-dependent prolylhydroxylase enzyme that is crucial for the physiological hypoxic response Ribonucleotidereductase is required for DNA synthesis Cytochromes and dehydrogenases are important proteins and components of the energy production pathways in mitochondrion Cytochromes are involved in the metabolism of biological molecules and degradation and detosification of drugs and pollutants Catalase and peroxidases are involved in the metabolic regulation of hydrogen peroxide in order to prevent the cell from damage Myeloperoxidase generates reactive oxygen species inside neutrophils to facilitate bacterial cell killing

Summary

Introduction

Iron is mostly present in the erythrocytes in the form of hemoglobin which is iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein composed of four units, each containing one heme group and one protein chain [1] and is fundamental unit for overall uprightness & health of diges ve tract epithelia and its contribu on to normal func ons of enzymes [2] including signal transduc on and cell regula on [3]. It acts as a fundamental part of vital enzyma c pathways in many ssues of the body, serves as a transport system for oxygen supply to the ssues from the lungs by iron carrying protein, haemoglobin and serves as a transport medium for electrons within cells [4,5].

Results

Conclusion