Biological technology for the production of pear seedlings

Abstract

The research was carried out during the 2017-2019 period on leached chernozem according to the “Program and methodology for studying varieties of fruit, berry and nut crops” (Orel, 1999). The grafting was done by budding fifty plants of the regionalized variety of pears Muratovskaya on the seedlings of common pear tree in three replicates. The plants were placed in one row at a distance of 20-25 cm, with a distance of 90 cm between the rows. In the experimental variants, watering and loosening of the soil was done as needed. The seedlings were treated with a knapsack sprayer 4 times during the growing season with an interval of two weeks, starting from the third decade of May. In the experiment there were 4 variants: 1 control without treatments; 2 - Emistim - 1 ml / m3H2O; 3 Emistim - 1 ml / m3H2O + Gumi-30 super-universal 15 ml / 10l H2O; 4 Emistim - 1 ml / m3H2O + Siliplant 25 ml / 10l H2O. It was revealed that the biological product Emistim has a significant stimulating effect on the growth processes in comparison to the control variant. The combined use of the biological product Emistim and complex fertilizers Gumi-30 and Siliplant helps to increase the foliage of the seedlings, leaf area, the number of roots and their total length, and, ultimately, increase the yield of standard planting material. There was no significant difference between the variants with Emistim and complex fertilizers such as Gumi-30 and Siliplant according to the studied traits. In total, in these variants, the standard seedlings of the 1st and 2nd grade were obtained, respectively, 93.2 and 95.6%.