Biological suppression of rice diseases by Pseudomonas spp. under saline soil conditions

Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop antagonistic strains specific for the coastal agricultural niche in Southern India. Indigenous Pseudomonas strains isolated from rhizosphere of rice cultivated in the coastal agri-ecosystem were screened for in vitro antibiosis against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzaeand Rhizoctonia solani– the bacterial leaf blight (BB) and sheath blight (ShB) pathogens of rice (Oryza sativa) respectively. The strains exhibiting antibiosis were tested in the greenhouse under normal and saline soil conditions. The antagonists suppressed BB by 15 to 74% in an unamended soil. The efficient strains were tested under saline soil conditions and found to suppress disease by 46 to 82%. Similarly, incidence of ShB was also suppressed by 30 to 57% in the unamended soil by the efficient strains which, under saline soil conditions, were found to suppress ShB by 19 to 51%. Four strains of Pseudomonas tested suppressed both BB and ShB diseases in rice, of which three were efficient under both natural and saline soil conditions.