Abstract
Two distinct caulimoviruses, Dahlia mosaic virus (DMV) and Dahlia common mosaic virus (DCMV), were found to be associated with dahlia mosaic disease. Additionally, an endogenous caulimovirus, Dahlia variabilis endogenous plant pararetroviral sequence (DvEPRS), was found to be present in many cultivated and wild Dahlia spp. Biological properties including mechanical and aphid transmission were investigated for DMV, DCMV and DvEPRS using Verbesina encelioides (crownbeard) as an experimental host. DMV and DCMV were transmitted by Myzus persicae at the rate of 50 and 73%, respectively. DMV and DCMV were mechanically transmissible to V. encelioides and the two effective buffers for mechanical transmission were phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) with nicotinic acid (1%) and sodium bisulfite (5%). Mechanical transmission rates of 58% and 36% were obtained for DMV and DCMV, respectively. DvEPRS was not transmissible by either aphids or mechanical inoculation. Availability of aphid and mechanical inoculation protocols for DMV and DCMV would facilitate further biological studies on caulimoviruses associated with Dahlia.
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