Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of inoculation with A. brasilense, sources and levels of sidedress nitrogen (N) on agronomic traits of maize cultivated in two regions of Brazilian Cerrado during the summer season. The experiments were conducted during the 2011/12 growing season in Chapadão do Sul and Selvíria Cities, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The experimental design consisted of a randomized complete block design with a 2 × 2 × 5 factorial scheme (with and without inoculation with A. brasilense, two sources of N [regular urea and polymer coated urea], and 5 levels of sidedress N [0, 45, 90, 135, and 180 kg ha-1], with 4 replicates for each location. The inoculation with A. brasilense, in the absence of sidedress N significantly increased the maize yield cultivated in Selvíria. However, the inoculation showed no effect on maize yield when cultivated in Chapadão do Sul. The polymer coated urea provided greater maize yield cultivated in Chapadão do Sul, however, no difference between sources of urea were observed in Selvíria. The greatest levels of sidedress N, without inoculation with A. brasilense showed the greatest maize yield in both locations.
Highlights
FIXAÇÃO BIOLÓGICA DE NITROGÊNIO, FONTES E DOSES DE N INCREMENTAM A PRODUTIVIDADE DE GRÃOS DE MILHO NO CERRADO
Os maiores níveis de N em cobertura, sem inoculação com A. brasilense proporcionaram as maiores produtividades de milho em ambos os locais
Biological N fixation in maize (Zea mays L.) plants promoted by Azospirillum. brasilense has gained significant importance over the past years (Hungria et al, 2010; Sabundjian et al, 2016)
Summary
FIXAÇÃO BIOLÓGICA DE NITROGÊNIO, FONTES E DOSES DE N INCREMENTAM A PRODUTIVIDADE DE GRÃOS DE MILHO NO CERRADO. Brasilense has gained significant importance over the past years (Hungria et al, 2010; Sabundjian et al, 2016) Besides it can fixate N, A. brasilense possesses genes which produce plant growth substances that can promote positive influence on plant establishment, root development, and water and nutrient absorption (Cassán et al, 2014) and chlorophyll biosynthesis in the leaves (Inagaki et al, 2015). As a disadvantage, urea can suffer great N loss due to ammonia volatilization (Boaretto et al, 2013). To minimize such losses, many modifications on traditional urea have been evaluated (Sun et al, 2015), including the production of fertilizers with granule coated with resins or polymers (Zavaschi et al, 2014). There is a lack of information about the combination of inoculation with microorganisms technology and synthetic fertilizers (Kaneko et al, 2016)
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