Abstract
Abstract In recent years, nanomaterials have attracted lots of attention from researchers due to their unique properties. Nanometer fluorescent materials, such as organic dyes, semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), metal nano-clusters (MNCs), carbon dots (CDs), etc., are widely used in biological imaging due to their high sensitivity, short response time, and excellent accuracy. Nanometer fluorescent probes can not only perform in vitro imaging of organisms but also achieve in vivo imaging. This provides medical staff with great convenience in cancer treatment. Combined with contemporary medical methods, faster and more effective treatment of cancer is achievable. This article explains the response mechanism of three-nanometer fluorescent probes: the principle of induced electron transfer (PET), the principle of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), and the principle of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), showing the semiconductor QDs, precious MNCs, and CDs. The excellent performance of the three kinds of nano fluorescent materials in biological imaging is highlighted, and the application of these three kinds of nano fluorescent probes in targeted biological imaging is also introduced. Nanometer fluorescent materials will show their significance in the field of biomedicine.
Highlights
In recent years, nanomaterials have attracted lots of attention from researchers due to their unique properties
If the non-bonded electron pair of the donor is combined with the analyte, the redox potential of the donor increases, and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy is lower than the fluorophore, which will cause the fluorescence to be switched on, and that limits the principle of induced electron transfer (PET) process [19,20]
Compared with the PET mechanism, there is no spectral shift during fluorescence quenching in the PET process, and a significant spectral change occurs in the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism [19,20]
Summary
Abstract: In recent years, nanomaterials have attracted lots of attention from researchers due to their unique properties Nanometer fluorescent materials, such as organic dyes, semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), metal nanoclusters (MNCs), carbon dots (CDs), etc., are widely used in biological imaging due to their high sensitivity, short response time, and excellent accuracy. Nanometer fluorescent probes can perform in vitro imaging of organisms and achieve in vivo imaging This provides medical staff with great convenience in cancer treatment. Emerging nano fluorescent materials such as semiconductor QDs, precious MNCs, and CDs are used in biological imaging and targeting tumor cell applications due to their excellent physical and chemical properties, and in drug and gene delivery, biosensors, medical treatment, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, etc.
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