Abstract
The biological process of apoptosis of cells accompanied by the secretion of exosomes in the body’s biological fluids has been available for half a century but recently has been improved. It was detected that circulating nuclear and exosomal nucleic acids, MRNA, microRNA, multiple proteins, lipoproteins, and other biological substances circulate in the body fluids in some kind of package formed by the plasma membrane of the host cell. These cells are able to exert a reverse effect on the producer cells; the influence includes presentation of the antigens contained in the exosomes and affecting the immune response, regulation of the intercellular interactions, and carcinogenesis. The review presents data on the study of exosomes of tumor cells and approaches to the application of exosomes in personified combined chemo-exosomal therapy of oncological diseases.
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