Biological Evaluation of Azide Derivative as Antibacterial and Anticancer Agents

Abstract

Azides are significant compounds because of their biological effects on bacteria, viruses, fungi, and cancer. The antibacterial and anticancer properties of azide derivatives have been demonstrated in several microbial strains and cancer cell lines. The most significant microorganisms in command of hospital-acquired nosocomial infections include Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Candida albicans (C. albicans), and Candida dubliniensis (C. dubliniensis). These infections have become resistant to a variety of antibiotics. These resistant infections are frequently seen in cancer patients. Novel drug-active compounds are thus required that have both antibacterial and anticancer activity. This study examined previously synthesized 1-azido-5,6,7-trimethoxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene (4) for its antibacterial and anticancer activities. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the disc diffusion technique, and minimum inhibitory concentration values were computed for zone formation in the examined pathogens. The study's findings indicate that while azide derivatives did not exhibit any effect against other pathogens, they suppressed bacterial growth with a zone diameter of 10 mm against A. baumannii. The MIC values of azide derivative against A. baumannii were 3.90 µg/ml. WST-8 analysis in Caco-2 cancer and healthy fibroblast cell line was used to determine the anticancer study. As a result of this analysis, the IC50 value was calculated to be 2.99 µM. There is little anticancer activity. A very low toxic effect of the azide compound on fibroblast cells was also observed. These findings suggest that this azide derivative may be tested as a potential antibacterial and anticancer agent.