Biological efficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles against diabetes: a preliminary study conducted in mice.

Shafayet Ahmed Siddiqui,Fataha Nur Robel,Md Giash Uddin,Mohammad Salim Hossain,Md Azizul Haque,Md Jakaria,Md Mamun Or Rashid

doi:10.1042/bsr20193972

Abstract

The antidiabetic, hypoglycemic and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) activities of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) were assessed in mice. ZnONPs were prepared by reacting Zn(NO3)2.6H2O and NaOH solution at 70°C with continuous stirring and then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Diabetes was induced by the intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) in mice, and then the blood glucose levels were determined by the glucose oxidase method. The experimental results revealed that ZnONPs suggestively (p<0.001) declined the blood glucose levels (39.79%), while these reductions were 38.78% for the cotreatment of ZnONPs and insulin, and 48.60% for insulin, respectively. In the hypoglycemic study, ZnONPs (8 and 14 mg/kg b.w) reduced approximately 25.13 and 29.15% of blood glucose levels, respectively. A similar reduction was found in the OGTT test, which is also a dose- and time-dependent manner. Overall, ZnONPs possess a potential antidiabetic activity, which could be validated by further mechanistic studies.

Highlights

The epidemic metabolic disorder, diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by high blood glucose where the patient cannot produce adequate insulin, or body cells do not respond to glucose produced by β-cells in the pancreas
High-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging were performed for getting the information about structural morphology, size and shape of the synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnONP)
The larger ZnONPs found in SEM measurement may be due to the accretion of the smaller ones

Summary

Introduction

The epidemic metabolic disorder, diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by high blood glucose where the patient cannot produce adequate insulin, or body cells do not respond to glucose produced by β-cells in the pancreas. Many researchers have proved that the role of trace metals with glucose metabolism and their relationship with diabetes. Zinc [5], magnesium [6] and chromium [7] have reported to play a role in blood sugar maintenance and used in diabetes therapy. Over 300 enzymes are activated by zinc in the body, and it plays a crucial role in different metabolic pathways, including glucose metabolism [8]. By following numerous mechanisms, including increased phosphorylation of insulin receptor, enhanced phosphoinositide 3-kinases activity and inhibited glycogen synthase kinase-3, zinc could improve

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Conclusion