Abstract
Wheat is a worldwide staple food crop, and take-all caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici can lead to a tremendous decrease in wheat yield and quality. In this study, strain YB-10 was isolated from wheat rhizospheric soil and identified as Pseudomonas chlororaphis by morphology and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Pseudomonas chlororaphis YB-10 had extracellular protease and cellulase activities and strongly inhibited the mycelium growth of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici in dual cultures. Up to 87% efficacy of Pseudomonas chlororaphis YB-10 in controlling the take-all of seedlings was observed in pot experiments when wheat seed was coated with the bacterium. Pseudomonas chlororaphis YB-10 was also positive for indole acetic acid (IAA) and siderophore production, and coating wheat seed with the bacterium significantly promoted the growth of seedlings at 107 and 108 CFU/mL. Furthermore, treatment with Pseudomonas chlororaphis YB-10 increased activities of the wheat defense-related enzymes POD, SOD, CAT, PAL and PPO in seedlings, indicating induced resistance against pathogens. Overall, Pseudomonas chlororaphis YB-10 is a promising new seed-coating agent to both promote wheat growth and suppress take-all.
Highlights
Take-all caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) is one of the most destructive root diseases of wheat worldwide and significantly reduces wheat grain yield after severe outbreaks [1,2,3]
YB-10 was in a cluster of chlororaphis isolates gene sequences revealed that strain YB‐10 was in a cluster of P. chlororaphis isolates
Many studies have demonstrated that Pseudomonas strains from the rhizosphere could control diseases caused by a variety of pathogens [21,38,39,40]
Summary
Take-all caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) is one of the most destructive root diseases of wheat worldwide and significantly reduces wheat grain yield after severe outbreaks [1,2,3]. Several studies in the past thirty years have demonstrated that antagonistic bacteria and fungi can be applied to wheat to control take-all disease. This is considered to be a more efficient and ecologically friendly alternative management approach [4,11,12,13,14]. Strain YB-10 was isolated from wheat rhizospheric soil and identified as Pseudomonas chlororaphis by morphology and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. It exhibited strong antagonistic activity against G. graminis var. P. chlororaphis YB-10 could be a promising BCA of wheat and PGPR against take-all disease
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