Biological Control of Phyto-pathogenic Bacteria

Abstract

The pathogenic bacteria can attack many plants causing different symptoms include necrosis, tissue maceration, wilting and hyperplasia and resulting diseases and damage to crops. The bacteria enter the host plant through natural openings or wounds and then it colonized locally intercellular spaces and systematically the vascular system of host. Virulence of bacterial pathogen was increased by increase of bacterial metabolites production viz. enzymes, toxins and/or plant hormones often under control of quorum sensing mechanisms. Application of effective chemicals or resistance sources against bacterial plant diseases are limited because of copper compounds may cause phytotoxic or rusting to plants as well as antibiotics application has not enough disease control. Therefore, the biological control can be successfully applied for crop protection against bacterial pathogens, where the biological control depended on the use of natural enemies viz. bacteria, fungi and viruses which they was common in any agricultural system.